Git Pikin' those Mesquite Beans!

In Arizona and the desert southwest we have some incredible native things to eat. Prickly pears, nopalitos, saguaro cactus fruit, ironwood and palo verde beans and the growing more popular every day mesquite bean. In a nutshell, the mesquite bean is high in protein and fiber, harvestable throughout the summer, easy to pick and preserve for the highly anticipated mesquite bean millings in late fall. For those of you that are interested in the entire process, keep reading as we outline how to pick, process, preserve and mill your harvest of mesquite beans.

The height of mesquite (and carob for those that are adventurous) bean picking is from June through early August, depending on the spring and summer weather. Mesquite is native to the deserts southwest and it is best to get your beans picked before the monsoons hit. Additionally, the beans need to be picked from the trees when the beans are dry. So it is a tight window to get them before they hit the ground. The milling will come in the fall so we have some things to consider between now and then.

First of all, we’ve had several people inquire as to what we’re talking about when we say mesquite milling. Milling is a process by which the mesquite beans are pulverized into a protein rich powder very similar to flour. We mill the entire bean - the brown husks where the flavor is and the hard seeds inside which are protein rich. Mesquite is very tasty and can be used for cookies, breads, breading for meats, as a seasoning and in drinks like protein powder. It is really good stuff and once you are hooked you won’t want to miss a year.

Once collected there is a process by which you preserve the beans until the milling which is in the Fall. We have been asked why we wait until fall…simply put, there is too much moisture in the air until after the monsoons. Too much humidity = gummed up hammermill.

Desert Harvesters down in Tucson a few years back received a grant for a hammer mill to grind the beans into a flour for use in cooking (it is more the consistency of a meal). This is where we are renting the mill from. For more information regarding DH see http://www.desertharvesters.org

We may host a pancake breakfast and sponsor other vendors, depending on the amount of effort our community wants to put into this event.

Interested in volunteering for the event? Let us know at mothernature@phoenixpermaculture.net

~ The Phoenix Permaculture Guild

How to Harvest Mesquite & Carob Bean Pods

1. Collect only dry beans.
2. Collect only beans that are on the trees (spread a sheet on the ground and shake the branches.) DO NOT collect beans from the ground as you don’t know what kind of pollutants or other contaminants have gotten on them.
3. Some caveats:
   * Beans presented for milling MUST contain only beans. Any beans presented that have stones, sticks or other debris CANNOT be milled. These other items damage the mill.
   * Beans soaked, damp or damaged by water cannot be milled. We will do a snap test to determine that they are dry enough.
   * Make sure that no pesticides are sprayed in the area where the beans are collected.
4. Once you collect the beans they need to be dried. We suggest using your solar oven to lightly toast them. This dries them out and kills any of the bugs that like to inhabit the beans.
   

   Solarizing/baking

   To dry and to rid beans of bugs it is suggested that you heat the beans for a minimum of 2 hours at 160F. This dries the beans and kills any pests that might be inhabiting them.

   Other Solarizing options: spread on tarp on driveway (but beware of rain), use a regular oven and add batches of beans when you cook other things.

5. Store the beans in airtight containers. Once you have dried the beans get airtight bags or we suggest 5 gallon buckets with airtight lids and store them.

What to Expect on Milling Day

The beans will be milled in the order received, please be prepared to wait awhile.

When you bring the beans for milling:

1. All beans milled are for home use.
2. We will do a snap test. The bean needs to snap in half with a crack rather than bend. Any beans that bend cannot be milled as they can jam the mill and that slows everything down.
3. We may limit people to three five gallon pails of beans, mainly if the turnout for the milling is so great we may have a hard time getting everyone through. We will do this as a starting point to make sure that everyone gets a chance to mill. Then toward the end of the day or in the case of gaps in the line we will allow others to mill their extra beans. Typically carob beans are milled at the end of the day.
4. You are encouraged to bring at least one 5 gallon pail as it will grind down to about 1 gallon of flour (approx. 2 lbs).
5. To support this process (the cost of renting the mill is about $400) there will be a minimum $5 charge (donate more if you like) per 5 gallon bucket of beans.

Milling Yield and other specifics

A 5 gallon bucket of beans = 1 gallon flour 1 = about 2 lbs. In the store one pound of mesquite flour sells for $7 to $15. There will be a charge of $5 per 5 gallons of beans for milling. This goes to pay for the mill and mill operators plus hauling the mill from Tucson. Flour should be frozen to preserve until use. Carob milling also will be possible at end of day.